What is dermatitis? This is a skin disease that causes the skin to become a rash, swollen with a reddish color. As a result of this disease, usually the skin becomes dry and reddish. This is a skin problem that often makes sufferers uncomfortable, dermatitis causes itching ranging from mild to very severe.
Dermatitis or eczema can be classified into several types. Each of these types of disease has different signs and symptoms. There are models that occur and suffer for a long time and there is also dermatitis that occurs as a result of exposure to a substance. However, fortunately this disease is not contagious, coupled with appropriate care and treatment, the symptoms of dermatitis can be cured.
Eczema is a disease that occurs very often and usually this inflammatory disease affects children as much as 20% and adults 1-3% worldwide. The way to deal with eczema is to prevent and reduce risk factors. If you suffer from this disease, consult your doctor immediately.
Dermatitis Symptoms
Because dermatitis is divided into several types, the symptoms that arise also depend on the type. Here we look at the types and symptoms of the symptoms.
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1. Atopic dermatitis (eczema)
Atopic is a type of dermatitis that occurs at birth and usually continues into adulthood. Among the symptoms are the following:
- Very severe itching usually occurs in curves such as the elbows, neck, and folds of the knees.
- The rash is crusty and if it is scratched, it may leak water.
- Red, rough, scaly and cracked patches,
These symptoms can appear and disappear and so on. Usually the symptoms appear when the skin is exposed to certain substances.
2. Contact dermatitis
There is also what is called contact dermatitis. This is the type whose symptoms appear when the skin comes in contact with substances that cause allergies and irritation. The following are the symptoms of contact dermatitis.
- A lump appears, a red rash
- Blisters filled with water,
- Feels like burning and hot
- Itching on the skin surface,
- Swollen skin
This symptom appears on skin that is exposed to allergens.
3. Seborrheic dermatitis
This dermatitis is somewhat similar to dandruff, and usually affects oily areas of the body such as the scalp, face, upper chest and areas of the back that are often sweaty or oily. The following are the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis:
- White scaly skin like dandruff
- On the scalp, yellowish and crusty scales on the head, face, ears, and other parts of the body
- Red skin
- Usually, this type of dermatitis appears with a very long period, the symptoms appear sinking. If it occurs in babies, it is usually called a cradle cap.
Causes of Dermatitis Causes
The following is an explanation of each type because the types of diseases are different, the causes are also different.
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Causes of Atopic Dermatitis (eczema)
- Gene variation,
- Dry skin,
- bacteria on the skin,
- Impaired immune system
- Have a family history,
- environmental factor,
- Sufferers experience allergies or asthma
Causes of Contact Dermatitis
- As a result of poison ivy (poisonous plant)
- Using nickel jewelry
- Incompatible cleaning products
- Incompatible perfume
- Unsuitable cosmetics
- Exposure to preservatives in lotions or on creams
Causes of Seborrheic Dermatitis
Seborrheic dermatitis is caused by a fungus that invades places or areas of oil secretion. Usually, the symptoms and their causes come and go and come back at another time.
Risk Factors
To avoid this disease we must be careful about the risk factors for dermatitis. There are several things that put a person at risk for this disease, including:
1. Age
This disease knows no age, it can appear at any time but for the type of eczema or atopic it appears as a baby. Thus, babies are usually more at risk for atopic dermatitis.
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2. Allergies and asthma
In addition, people who are most at risk are people with asthma and allergies. They are more at risk for the atopic type. However, it is not known exactly what the relationship between dermatitis and asthma is.
3. Work
The next risk factor is our work. If a person works in direct contact with metals, solvents, cleaning products, they are susceptible to contact dermatitis. Likewise, they work as a medical team that often deals with drugs.
4. Health conditions
Certain health conditions are also risk factors for dermatitis. Among them are people with congestive heart failure, Parkinson’s, and HIV they will be susceptible to this disease.
5. Family history
If one of your family, such as your father or mother or grandfather, has a history of dermatitis, then you are most likely at risk for the disease. Why is that? because eczema is a disease that is usually passed down from parents to children.
How to Treat Dermatitis
How to treat it really depends on the cause and the patient’s health condition. So the treatment of dermatitis varies widely. Dermatitis can be treated with traditional medicine, lifestyle changes and medical treatment at a dermatologist. If treating with a medical professional, this treatment usually includes the following:
- Given a corticosteroid cream that is useful for relieving itching and curing inflammation,
- Using creams or lotions that can affect the immune system (calcineurin inhibitors)
- Taking antihistamines (diphenhydramine), its function is to reduce itching and infection
- Take antibiotics, anti-fungal if the eczema has started to become infected
- Do phototherapy or light therapy
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