Ethnic groups in Indonesia – Indonesia is a large country with an area of 1,990,250 km² with various ethnic groups in it. Ethnic groups are a group of people who have something in common between one member and another. Usually the similarity is in terms of heredity, language, biological characteristics, or behavior and culture.
As a vast country that stretches from Sabang to Marauke, Indonesia has thousands of tribes within it. Based on data from BPS in 2010, the ethnic groups in Indonesia are 1340 ethnic groups, including the interior and large tribes. Among the major tribes in Indonesia are Java, Aceh, Sundanese and others. While small tribes such as the banten hinterland are called the Baduy tribe.
Next, we will see the various ethnic groups in Indonesia and their regions. Not everything is listed in the table, there are still a few terms that have not been entered into the table.
Table of Ethnic Groups in Indonesia
NO NAMA SUKU ASAL DAERAH 1 Suku Kubu Sumatera (Jambi) 2 Suku Sakai Sumatera 3 Suku Gayo Sumatera 4 Suku Aceh Sumatera 5 Suku Alas Sumatera 6 Suku Devayan Sumatera 7 Suku Haloban Sumatera 8 Suku Kluet Sumatera 9 Suku Lekon Sumatera 10 Suku Pakpak Sumatera 11 Suku Sigulai Sumatera 12 Suku Singkil Sumatera 13 Suku Tamiang Sumatera 14 Suku Aneuk Jamee Sumatera (Aceh) 15 Suku Batak Sumatera 16 Suku Batak Angkola Sumatera 17 Suku Batak Karo Sumatera 18 Suku Batak Mandailing Sumatera 19 Suku Batak Pakpak Sumatera 20 Suku Batak Simalungun Sumatera 21 Suku Batak Toba Sumatera 22 Suku Nias Sumatera 23 Suku Minangkabau Sumatera 24 Suku Melayu Sumatera 25 Suku Mentawai Sumatera 26 Suku Laut Sumatera 27 Suku Belitung Sumatera 28 Suku Bangka Sumatera 29 Suku Anak Dalam Sumatera 30 Suku Kayu Agung Sumatera 31 Suku Palembang Sumatera 32 Suku Bengkulu Sumatera 33 Suku Lampung Sumatera 34 Suku Betawi Jakarta 35 Suku Sunda Pulau Jawa 36 Suku Jawa Pulau Jawa 37 Suku Tionghoa Pulau Jawa 38 Suku Baduy (badui) Pulau Jawa 39 Suku Bawean Pulau Jawa 40 Suku Tengger Pulau Jawa 41 Suku Osing Pulau Jawa 42 Suku Madura Pulau Jawa 43 Suku Samin Pulau Jawa 44 Suku Dayak Kalimantan 45 Suku Banjar Kalimantan 46 Suku Kutai Kalimantan 47 Suku Berau Kalimantan 48 Suku Paser Kalimantan 49 Suku Bali Bali 50 Suku Loloan Bali 51 Suku Sasak Nusa Tenggara Barat 52 Suku Bima Nusa Tenggara Barat 53 Suku Sumbawa Nusa Tenggara Barat 54 Suku Boti Nusa Tenggara Timur 55 Suku Bunak Nusa Tenggara Timur 56 Suku Manggarai Nusa Tenggara Timur 57 Suku Sika Nusa Tenggara Timur 58 Suku Sumba Nusa Tenggara Timur 59 Suku Rote Nusa Tenggara Timur 60 Suku Ngada Nusa Tenggara Timur 61 Suku Flores Nusa Tenggara Timur 62 Suku Ende Nusa Tenggara Timur 63 Suku Gorontalo Sulawesi Utara 64 Suku Kaidipang Sulawesi Utara 65 Suku Minahasa Sulawesi Utara 66 Suku Mongondow Sulawesi Utara 67 Suku Sangir Sulawesi Utara 68 Suku Bungku Sulawesi Tengah 69 Suku Balesang Sulawesi Tengah 70 Suku Balantak Sulawesi Tengah 71 Suku Wakatobi Sulawesi Tenggara 72 Suku Buton Sulawesi 73 Suku Tolaki Sulawesi 74 Suku Mandar Sulawesi 75 Suku Luwu Sulawesi 76 Suku Makasar Sulawesi 77 Suku Bugis Sulawesi 78 Suku Toraja Sulawesi 79 Suku Bajo Sulawesi 80 Suku Alune Maluku 81 Suku Ambon Maluku 82 Suku Aru Maluku 83 Suku Buru Maluku 84 Suku Fordata Maluku 85 Suku mamale Maluku 86 Suku Nuaulu Maluku 87 Suku Morotai Maluku 88 Suku Halmahera Maluku 89 Suku Wemale Maluku 90 Suku Wai Apu Maluku 91 Suku Ternate Maluku 92 Suku Tidore Maluku 93 Suku Seram Maluku 94 Suku Sawai Maluku 95 Suku Aero Papua 96 Suku Asaro Papua 97 Suku Kalam Papua 98 Suku Huli Papua 99 Suku Goroka Papua 100 Suku Yali Papua 101 Suku Korowai Papua 102 Suku Dani Papua 103 Suku Bauzi Papua 104 Suku Amungme Papua 105 Suku Asmat Papua 106 Suku Muyu Papua
It’s just a few ethnic groups that have often been heard and talked about. But apart from that, there are still many tribes who inhabit the vast country called Indonesia. Now we look at the explanation of some of the major tribes in Indonesia. Hopefully it will become learning material and additional knowledge for all of us.
Big Ethnic in Indonesia
1. The Aceh Ethnic
Aceh is one of the tribes in Indonesia. They are a group of people who inhabit the westernmost coastal areas of Sumatra (Aceh), and partially in the interior of Sumatra. Generally, the Acehnese are people who are Muslim. The colloquial language of the Acehnese is the Acehnese language which is closely related to West Malay-Polynesia. This language is also related to the Cham language spoken in Vitnam and Kaboja. The majority of Acehnese or even 100% of them are Muslims with Shafi’e ideology.
Other names for the Acehnese tribe are Lam Muri, Achin, Lambri, A-tse Akhir, Asji and Atse. The Acehnese are 3,526,000 people, most of whom live in the province of Aceh. While the number of Acehnese tribes based on the 2010 BPS census data by Aris Ananta, the number of Acehnese in Indonesia is 3,404,000. Apart from those living in Indonesia, there are also the Acehnese ethnic diaspora which today are in Malaysia, Singapore, Saudi Arabia, Australia, Canada, the United States, Paraguay, Germany and Scandinavian countries. [read: www.wikiwand.com/id/Suku_Aceh]
2. Javanese
Java is one of the names of the tribe and even the Javanese tribe is the largest tribe in Indonesia which includes East Java, Central Java and Yogyakarta. Not only outside Indonesia, there are also Javanese people who live in Suriname, South America. The Javanese people who live in Suriname today have come from the Dutch colonial era, they were sent to work there.
3. The Sundanese
The Sundanese or Sundanese are the tribes that inhabit the province of West Java. After the Javanese, there is the Sundanese tribe which is one of the largest tribes, said to be the second largest after Java.
Sundanese are known as a tribe that is familiar with their traditional musical instrument, namely angklung. They also have another musical instrument, namely Karinding.
4. Madurese
Madurese are also the largest tribe in Indonesia, they inhabit parts of East Java. In the East Java area there are also other tribes called the Osing Tribe, or Tengger. However, Madura is one of the largest in population compared to others.
There are quite a lot of ethnic Madurese, this can be seen from the population in 2014, namely 20,179,356. of course now it has increased again.
5. Batak Ethnic
Furthermore, the tribe in Indonesia is the Batak. This is a tribe located in Northern Sumatra, to be precise, the Karo Batak, Fakfak Batak, Malay, Maya-Maya, Toba Batak, Angkola Batak, Simalungan Batak, Nias and Batak
Mandailing.
The Batak tribes in North Sumatra are divided into several tribes, namely the Toba Batak, the Karo Batak, the Simalungan Batak, the Angkola Batak, the Pakpak Batak, and the Mandailing Batak.
6. Betawi Ethnic
Furthermore, there is the Betawi tribe, which is a tribe originating from the DKI Jakarta area apart from the tribes we have mentioned earlier (Javanese and Sundanese).
Betawi is famous for its typical jumbo doll play or called ondel-ondel.
7. The Minangkabau Ethnic
Minangkabau is the name of the tribe that inhabits West Sumatra, this tribe is also called the Minang tribe. However, not all of the West Sumatra regions consist of the Minang tribe. There are other tribes that complement the population in West Sumatra, namely the Malays, the Tanjung Kato tribe, the Mentawai tribe, the Panyali tribe, the Sikumbang tribe, the Caniago tribe, or the Gusci.
Just like Aceh, the Minangkabau tribe is dominated by those who are Muslims, from the stories heard, the Minang people are sometimes also called the Padang people. If they call it urang Crew, which means Minang people.
8. The Bugis
Furthermore, the big tribe in Indonesia is the Bugis tribe in South Sulawesi. Apart from the Bugis tribe, the area of South Sulawesi is also inhabited by other tribes, namely the Toraja Tribe, the Sa’dan Tribe and the Mandar Tribe. The word bugis itself comes from their language To Ugi, which means bugis.
9. Ethnic Malays
The did Indonesian tribe also includes the Malay tribe who inhabits the Bangka Belitung area. The province of Bangka Belitung is also inhabited by other tribes such as Sundanese, Javanese, Madurese, Bugis, Banten, Banjar, Palembang, Minang, Aceh, Flores, Manado, and even Maluku. The Malay tribe itself comes from a famous Malayan kingdom in the area, precisely in the Batang Hari River area. In its history, the kingdom of Malaya was conquered and under the Srivijaya kingdom.
10. Arab tribes
The Arab tribes who inhabit Indonesia generally come from between Indonesian and Arab descent. This tribe is spread throughout Indonesia, especially in big cities, but in a certain area such as Jakarta, namely in the Pakojan area, in Bogor it is in the Empang area, Surakarta in the Pasar Kliwon area, which in Surabaya is in the Ampel area, Gresik lives in the Gapura area. The Malang Arabs live in the Jagalar area, Cirebon Arabs live in the Kauman area, Mojokerto Arabs in the Kauman area, those who live in Yogyakarta are in the Kauman area, the Probolinggo Arabs live in the Diponegoro and Bondowoso areas.
Not only in these big cities, but Arab tribes are also scattered in other cities such as Aceh, meaning Palembang, Banjarmasin, and other places.
11. Banten tribe
This is a tribe that comes from former Banten jobs in the past. They are generally Sundanese but are categorized as Bantenese. They also use the Banten language which originates from Sundanese. The difference is that the language of Banten is classified as rough Sundanese.
12. Balinese tribe
Bali is a province in Indonesia whose capital is Denpasar which was once called the Singaraja kingdom. So, the Balinese are the people who inhabit the province of Bali. However, the Balinese are divided into two, some are native and some are not indigenous. The original Balinese are called Bali Aga and others are called Bali Majapahit.
13. The Banjar Ethnic
The next tribe in Indonesia is the Banjar tribe. The Banjar tribe is a group of people who live in parts of South Kalimantan. Apart from the Banjar tribe, there are also other tribes such as the Ngaju, Bakumpai, Maanyan, Bukit Tribe, Deyah Tribe, Hamlet Tribe, Aba Tribe, Balangan Tribe, Dayak Tribe, Malay Tribe and other tribes.
The banjar tribe itself is estimated to only number 4.1 million people and only 2.7 million people live in South Kalimantan and the rest are scattered in other places.
14. The Sasak tribe
Sasak is a tribe in the West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) region. The name sasak comes from the word sak-sak which means sampan. In the Kartagama book, the word sasak is considered to be an integral part of Lombok which is called Lombok sasak MIrah Adhi.
Meanwhile, what is heard in the mouths of the local people, they say that sasak is derived from the word sa’saq which means one. While lombok comes from the word Lomboq which means straight.
15. Dayak tribe
Furthermore, the famous duku in Indonesia are the Dayak tribes who inhabit Kalimantan. Kalimantan is not only inhabited by the Dayak tribe, but also the Ulu Aer tribe, the Manyuke tribe, the Kayau tribe, the Mbaluh tribe and others. The Dayak tribe is an inland tribe on the island of Kalimantan, this tribe is still famous for its very thick magical knowledge, even in various traditional ceremonies magical science is unique to them.
However, not many people know about the mysteries of this tribe and how they came from.
16. Ethnic Chinese
Chinese are also one of the big tribes in Indonesia, they are a group of people who migrated from China to Indonesia. This has happened since hundreds or even thousands of years ago, especially what happened in the 16-19 century AD
The origin of the Chinese people who came to Indonesia was for the purpose of trading. However, the busy market at that time caused them to live in Indonesian territory, and until now they have become Indonesian residents but with Chinese ethnicity.
Also see: Map of Indonesia
17. The Makassar tribe
The Makassar tribe is a tribe in Indonesia that occupies the Sulawesi area on the south coast. There are also local people who call it Mangkasara, which means people who are open principles. They are also known as a conquering nation and like to fight in the sea.
In the 14th to 17th centuries, the Makassar tribe was known as a symbol of Goa’s work. Its territory is vast and full of extraordinary naval fleets that can form an empire based on Islam.