The virtues of alms – InsyaAllah.com, this time we will review about charity and the virtues of alms and the arguments of alms from the hadiths and the Koranul Karim. Almsgiving is very good worship in the sight of Allah SWT, it is not only related to the obedience of a servant to his Lord but also charity is worship that has a positive effect on human beings.
Allah SWT praises his servant who gives away his property or gives charity in His way. Not only contained in one verse but up to several verses of the Koran. One of them is Surah al-Baqarah verse 3.
الَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْغَيْبِ وَيُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنْفِقُونَ
Meaning: for those who believe in the existence of that which is beyond the reach of perception,4 who establish Prayer5 and spend out of what We have provided them
Furthermore, the proposition of giving alms is surah QS. Al-Hajj verses 34-35, Allah praises and gives good news to His obedient servants. This verse and its meaning:
{وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ جَعَلْنَا مَنْسَكًا لِيَذْكُرُوا اسْمَ اللَّهِ عَلَى مَا رَزَقَهُمْ مِنْ بَهِيمَةِ الأنْعَامِ فَإِلَهُكُمْ إِلَهٌ وَاحِدٌ فَلَهُ أَسْلِمُوا وَبَشِّرِ الْمُخْبِتِينَ (34) الَّذِينَ إِذَا ذُكِرَ اللَّهُ وَجِلَتْ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَالصَّابِرِينَ عَلَى مَا أَصَابَهُمْ وَالْمُقِيمِي الصَّلاةِ وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنْفِقُونَ (35) }
Meaning: And for all religion We have appointed a rite [of sacrifice] that they may mention the name of Allah over what He has provided for them of [sacrificial] animals. For your god is one God, so to Him submit. And, [O Muhammad], give good tidings to the humble [before their Lord] [34]
Who, when Allah is mentioned, their hearts are fearful, and [to] the patient over what has afflicted them, and the establishers of prayer and those who spend from what We have provided them. [35]
The virtue of alms is not only mentioned in the Koran, but is also mentioned in the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad.
One of the hadiths that praise people giving alms is the hadith narrated by ibn al-Mubarak. The following is the sound of the hadith:
مَا أَحْسَنَ عَبْدٌ الصَّدَقَةَ إِلَّا أَحْسَنَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الْخِلَافَةَ عَلَى تِرْكَتِهِ
Meaning: It is not a servant that repairs his alms unless Allah SWT replaces what is left of his property. [HR. Ibn al_mubarak]
Almsgiving is worship that can be done by anyone, to whom and anytime they want. However, giving alms still has its best times and times. One of the good times for charity is Friday.
It is not unreasonable, even giving alms on Friday has its own virtues and advantages as in the following hadith.
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ عَلَى مِنْبَرِهِ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ تُوبُوا إِلَى رَبِّكُمْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَمُوتُوا وَبَادِرُوا إِلَيْهِ بِالْأَعْمَالِ الصَّالِحَةِ وَصِلُوا الَّذِي بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنكُمْ بِكَثْرَةِ ذِكْرِكُمْ وَبِكَثْرَةِ الصَّدَقَةِ فِي السِّرِّ وَالْعَلَانِيَّةِ، تُؤْجَرُوا، وَتُنْصَرُوا، وَتُرْزَقُوا،
Meaning: From Jabir bin Abdullah said he: Has spoken the Prophet Muhammad and he on the pulpit. O people who believe, repent to your Lord before you die, and immediately do good deeds to Him, and continue the relationship between your Lord and you by multiplying Him and by increasing alms, either in a quiet place or in an open place, then you are rewarded, assisted, and given sustenance. “[Narrated by al-Kassi in the book al-Muntakhab min Musnad Abd bin Humaid].
Also read: The Difference Between Zakat, Infaq and Alms
Furthermore, in the book al-Um, in the chapter the things that are circumcised are done on Friday and Friday nights, Imam Shafi’e narrates a hadith which reads as follows:
بَلَغَنَا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ أَكْثِرُوا الصَّلَاةَ عَلَيَّ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَإِنِّي أُبَلَّغُ وَأَسْمَعُ قَالَ وَيُضَعَّفُ فِيهِ الصَّدَقَةُ
Meaning: It has come to me from Abdullah bin Abi Aufa that in fact Rasulullah SAW said: Do more prayers on me on Friday because that was actually conveyed and I heard, and Rasulullah SAW said that it is multiplied on Friday the reward of alms. [Imam al-Syafi’i, al-Umm, juz 1, p. 239]
In the literarur of fiqh that giving alms on Friday is different from the virtue of alms compared to other days. Friday is the noblest day, so giving alms on this day has its own virtues that do not exist on other days. In fact, in the hadith it is stated that Friday is the day of the ummah of Muhammad SAW.
The emphasis on giving alms on Friday does not mean not giving alms on other days. Almsgiving can be done at any time and everything is harmed by Allah SWT, but Friday is the best time compared to other times. The glory of the day causes the glory of our practice.
Still about the virtue of alms, Sheikh Zakaria al-Ansari said in his book:
ـ )وَتَتَأَكَّدُ الصَّدَقَةُ فِي( شَهْرِ )رَمَضَانَ( وَالصَّدَقَةُ فِيهِ أَفْضَلُ مِنْهَا فِيمَا يَأْتِي لِخَبَرِ الصَّحِيحَيْنِ أَنَّهُ «- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ – كَانَ أَجْوَدَ مَا يَكُونُ فِي رَمَضَانَ» وَلِأَنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ الشُّهُورِ وَلِأَنَّ النَّاسَ فِيهِ مَشْغُولُونَ بِالطَّاعَةِ فَلَا يَتَفَرَّغُونَ لِمَكَاسِبِهِمْ فَتَكُونُ الْحَاجَةُ فِيهِ أَشَدَّ )وَ( فِي سَائِرِ )الْأَوْقَاتِ الْفَاضِلَةِ( كَعَشْرِ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ وَأَيَّامِ الْعِيدِ لِفَضِيلَتِهَا
Meaning: Strengthened the advice to give alms in the month of Ramadan, giving alms in the month of Ramadan is more devoted than alms at other times which will be mentioned because there is a Muslim Bukhari hadith which states that the Prophet SAW had the intention that the Prophet was more generous in the month of Ramadan, and because of the month. Ramadan is the glorious month of Ramadan, and because humans are preoccupied with tha’at in Ramadan, they do not have time to earn money in Ramadan so it is the human need in the month of Ramadan that is heavier and stronger to give alms also at other special times. namely 10 days of zulhijjah, and holidays due to the excess of these days.
Also read: The Best Dua After Salah
However, it does not mean that someone who wants to give alms should delay until that day comes. But the point is that giving alms on these days has a virtue that is not the same as on other days.
وَلَيْسَ الْمُرَادُ أَنَّ مَنْ قَصَدَ التَّصَدُّقَ فِي غَيْرِ الْأَوْقَاتِ وَالْأَمَاكِنِ الْمَذْكُورَةِ يُسْتَحَبُّ تَأْخِيرُهُ إلَيْهَا بَلْ الْمُرَادُ أَنَّ التَّصَدُّقَ فِيهَا أَعْظَمُ أَجْرًا مِنْهُ فِي غَيْرِهَا غَالِبًا قَالَهُ الْأَذْرَعِيُّ وَتَبِعَهُ الزَّرْكَشِيُّ
Meaning: This does not mean that people who want to give alms at other times and other places are circumcised to be postponed until that day, but it means that alms on those days mentioned have a greater reward than normal days. That was said by Sheikh al-Azra’i and followed by Sheikh Zarkasyi.
More about the virtue of alms, Sheikh Zakariya Ansari comments in the book “asnal mathalib”, chapters 1 p. 406 as follows:
ثُمَّ قَالَ وَفِي كَلَامِ الْحَلِيمِيِّ مَا يُخَالِفُهُ فَإِنَّهُ قَالَ وَإِذَا تَصَدَّقَ فِي وَقْتٍ دُونَ وَقْتٍ تَحَرَّى بِصَدَقَتِهِ مِنْ الْأَيَّامِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَمِنْ الشُّهُورِ رَمَضَانَ
Meaning: Then said Imam al-azra’i and in the words of Imam Halimi there was an opinion that was contrary to the opinion above, he said that if a person gives alms at one time and does not give alms at another time, then he should prioritize alms on Friday. and in the month of Ramadan. [Shaykh Zakariyya al-Ansari, Asna al-Mathalib, ch. 1, p. 406].
Regarding the above statement, Sheikh Ahmad bin Hamzah al-Ramli said that:
ـ )قَوْلُهُ وَأَيَّامِ الْعِيدِ إلَخْ( وَعَاشُورَاءَ قَالَ الْأَذْرَعِيُّ تَفَقُّهًا وَيَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ لِأَنَّهُ عِيدُنَا أَهْلَ الْإِسْلَامِ كَمَا فِي الْحَدِيثِ
Meaning: “Shaykh Zakariyya said, and the eid day, and the day of Ashura (10th day of Muharram). Said Al-Imam al-Adzra’i from the point of view of fiqh, and likewise it is highly recommended to give alms on Friday because Friday is our Muslim feast as the information in the hadith. ” [Sheikh Ahmad bin Hamzah al-Ramli, Hasyiyah al-Ramli ‘ala Asna al-Mathalib, ch. 1, p. 406].
Al-allamah Sheikh Ibn Hajar al-Haitami, in the book al-Minhajul Qawim, p. 241 also gave his own opinion about the virtue of giving alms, as follows:
والأفضل تحري الصدقة في سائر الأزمنة الفاضلة كالجمعة ورمضان سيما عشره الأواخر وعشر ذي الحجة وأيام العيد
This means: and more afdhal emphasizes giving alms at afdhal times such as Friday, the month of Ramadan, especially the last 10 days of Ramadan and 10 zulhijjah and feast days.
Also read: Virtue and Benefits of Last Two Ayats of Surah Al-Baqarah
That is the explanation of the virtue of giving alms in an Islamic perspective, especially from the point of view of the Shafi’e school. Hopefully it will increase our knowledge about alms and anytime the best day for charity and increase the spirit in charity because Allah SWT praises his servant who gives charity in the Koran.